Research area

Indoor Farming Technology

Smart greenhouses and plant factories, and sensing the plant itself: gas exchange, impedance, spectroscopy and electrical signals.

Indoor Farming Technology

Overview

Indoor farming is our most active area. It starts with the growing environment, VPD-based greenhouse control, edge computing, lighting and aeroponics, and is moving towards reading the plant directly through its gas exchange, impedance, spectrum and electrical signals.

Our approach

Every project starts in the field: we sense what is happening, model what it means, and turn the result into decisions farmers and operators can act on.

Why it matters

What changesin the field.

0.985R² of the random forest model of lettuce photosynthesis
0.96–0.97R² of a low-cost 14-band spectral sensor against a reference spectrometer
S2 → S3plant electrical signals, followed from master's to doctoral research

What we do

Our work in indoor farming technology.

VPD-based climate monitoring and control
Plant factory and aeroponic production systems
Plant-based sensing: impedance, low-cost spectroscopy, electrical signals
Machine learning and computer vision for physiology and disorders

Center projects

What we havebuilt and tested.

14 projects from the center's research portfolio. Open a slide to see the system, the setup and the results.

Smart greenhouse architecture

A tropical smart greenhouse with temperature, humidity, radiation, CO2 and soil moisture sensing, coolers, humidifiers, microsprayers, pumps and exhaust fans, a local server and edge nodes over MQTT, the cloud and a multiplatform dashboard.

  • Control optimised on vapour pressure deficit
  • Round-the-clock growth prediction, environment forecasting and yield prediction

Edge computing for environmental monitoring

Node-RED, an MQTT broker and a local database keep data capture and control running in real time when the internet connection is limited.

  • The greenhouse keeps working when the link drops

VPD-based monitoring and control

Multi-node monitoring hardware and software that drives an evaporative air cooler to hold the greenhouse in the ideal vapour pressure deficit zone.

  • Efficient use of water and energy in the greenhouse

Smart greenhouse mobile app UI/UX

A mobile app for temperature, humidity, camera views and a forum, designed with design thinking: empathise, define, ideate, prototype and test.

  • Designed with the growers who use it

The center's plant factory

LED grow-light racks, nutrient tanks, dosing pumps and water sensors on the local and global subsystem with a remote dashboard. The main facility for many undergraduate to doctoral studies.

  • Host to the lettuce physiology, impedance, spectral, ERP and plant-signal studies below

Plant electrophysiology acquisition

A system that captures plant bioelectrical signals to assess physiological health in indoor farming.

  • Developed in depth in the master's and doctoral work of Saifuddin Afif

Student research

Theses thatmoved it forward.

3 undergraduate theses, 2 master's theses, 1 doctoral research supervised at the center, with their methods, key results and research framework.

  • Plant factoryPlant physiology

    Gas exchange (LI-6800) every ten minutes from 07:00 to 17:00 on three days, with microclimate logging, to predict stomatal conductance without a LI-COR instrument.

    0.880R² of a simple model from temperature, humidity and CO2
    0.99coupling between stomatal conductance and transpiration
    • No midday depression, because the plant factory keeps VPD stable
    • Conductance could be estimated from inexpensive microclimate sensors

In practice

Indoor Farming Technology in practice.

Let's grow the futureof farming together.

Partner with our researchers, pilot smartagri on your fields, or join the team building data-driven agriculture.